How a UK PhD Works
A UK PhD is built around one independent research project, usually completed in three to four years of full-time study under a supervisor. Unlike a US PhD, you normally apply with a clear research proposal and do not take many classes.
Most students apply to a specific project or supervisor, or submit their own proposal to a department. A good match between your idea and your supervisor's work matters a lot.
Fees and Funding
Fees vary by university and subject. As an example, the University of East London lists £17,400 per year for a full-time MPhil/PhD in 2026/27, with lab-based programs adding bench fees of up to £6,000. Fees at research-intensive universities can be considerably higher, especially in science and engineering.
- University studentships: funded PhD places, often advertised for specific projects.
- Government and charity awards: such as Gates Cambridge, which covers full costs and a maintenance allowance.
- Research council funding: some UK research funding is open to international students at certain universities.
- Self-funding: possible, but plan for tuition plus living costs for several years.
Published PhD Fees at Some Universities (2026/27)
| University | Full-time research fee | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| University of East London | £17,400 per year | Lab-based programs can add bench fees up to £6,000 |
| Health Sciences University | £17,046 per year | Health and movement-related research |
| University of Winchester | £16,700 per year full-time; £8,350 part-time | MPhil/PhD |
Fees at research-intensive universities can be higher, and funding may be tied to a project. Confirm the current fee with the department.
Entry Requirements and Application
- Academic: usually a first-class or 2:1 degree, and often a master's degree in a related subject.
- English: commonly IELTS 6.5 overall or equivalent.
- Research proposal: a clear question, method and timeline.
- References: academic referees who know your research potential.
- ATAS: some sensitive subjects need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate before your visa.
Visa, Dependants and Work After a PhD
PhD students apply for a Student visa and must show maintenance funds. The standard rate is £1,171/£1,529 per month now, rising to £1,203/£1,570 from November 30, 2026, for up to nine months, and the Immigration Health Surcharge is £776 per year.
Students on research-based postgraduate courses may be able to bring dependants, which most taught master's students cannot. After graduating, the general Graduate Route is 18 months for applications from January 1, 2027, so check the current length for doctoral graduates before you plan.
Frequently Asked Questions
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